During the 19th century, Antioquia was densely populated, with a network of roads and trade routes, and a relatively healthy economy. These conditions encouraged gold mining, making it one of the cornerstones of regional progress.
Foreigners arrived, particularly those of English origin, and introduced new technologies that revolutionised mining methods. The old adits gave way to mines equipped with crushing mills, hydraulic channels and modern production systems. These mines became fully-fledged businesses, generating wealth for the region.
This period marked the beginning of a true capitalist system in Colombia, with Antioquia playing a leading role. Mining not only attracted investment and labour, but also led to the emergence of many mining towns, established mule-track routes and cemented the ‘paisa’ spirit.
